一、GitLab安装配置

1. 系统准备

bash
# 安装依赖
apt update
apt install -y curl openssh-server ca-certificates postfix

# 添加GitLab源
curl https://packages.gitlab.com/install/repositories/gitlab/gitlab-ce/script.deb.sh | bash

# 安装GitLab
apt install gitlab-ce

2. 初始配置

ruby
# /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb
external_url 'http://gitlab.example.com'
gitlab_rails['gitlab_shell_ssh_port']=22
gitlab_rails['time_zone']='Asia/Shanghai'

# 应用配置
gitlab-ctl reconfigure

二、Runner安装配置

1. Runner安装

bash
# 添加Runner源
curl -L "https://packages.gitlab.com/install/repositories/runner/gitlab-runner/script.deb.sh"| bash

# 安装Runner
apt install gitlab-runner

# 启动服务
systemctl enable gitlab-runner
systemctl start gitlab-runner

2. Runner注册

bash
# 注册Runner
gitlab-runner register \
--url "https://gitlab.example.com/" \
--registration-token "PROJECT_REGISTRATION_TOKEN" \
--description "docker-runner" \
--executor "docker" \
--docker-image "docker:latest"

三、CI/CD配置

1. GitLab CI配置

yaml
# .gitlab-ci.yml
stages:
- build
- test
- deploy

build_job:
  stage: build
  script:
- mvn clean package
  artifacts:
    paths:
- target/*.jar

test_job:
  stage: test
  script:
    - mvn test

deploy_job:
  stage: deploy
  script:
    - bash deploy.sh
  only:
    - master

2. Runner执行器配置

toml
# config.toml
[[runners]]
  name ="docker-runner"
  url ="https://gitlab.example.com/"
  token ="PROJECT_TOKEN"
  executor ="docker"
[runners.docker]
    tls_verify =false
    image ="docker:latest"
    privileged =true
    disable_cache =false
    volumes =["/cache"]

四、环境变量与缓存

1. 变量配置

yaml
variables:
  MAVEN_OPTS:"-Dmaven.repo.local=.m2/repository"
  DOCKER_HOST:"tcp://docker:2375"

cache:
  key: ${CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG}
  paths:
-.m2/repository/
- node_modules/

2. Docker缓存

yaml
build:
  stage: build
  script:
- docker build -t $CI_REGISTRY_IMAGE:$CI_COMMIT_SHA .
- docker push $CI_REGISTRY_IMAGE:$CI_COMMIT_SHA
  cache:
    paths:
-.docker

五、Pipeline优化

1. 并行任务

yaml
test_unit:
  stage: test
  parallel:3
  script:
- mvn test -Dtest=TestClass

test_integration:
  stage: test
  script:
- mvn verify

2. 条件执行

yaml
deploy_prod:
  stage: deploy
  script:
- deploy_to_production
  rules:
-if:'$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "master"'
when: manual
-when: never

六、监控与通知

1. 监控配置

ruby
# gitlab.rb
prometheus['enable']=true
grafana['enable']=true

# 应用配置
gitlab-ctl reconfigure

2. 通知配置

yaml
notification:
  stage:.post
  script:
-|
      curl -X POST -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
--data '{"text":"Pipeline finished"}' \
      $WEBHOOK_URL
  rules:
-when: always