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安装源代码版本的MySQL(mysql-5.1.40-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz安装笔记) 1、首先添加mysql用户组 shell> groupadd mysql 2、添加mysql用户,并指定到mysql用户组 shell> useradd -g mysql mysql 3、解压缩mysql-version.tar.gz shell> gunzip < mysql-VERSION.tar.gz | tar -xvf - 4、安装mysql shell> cd mysql-VERSION shell> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-charset=gbk --with-extra-charsets=armscii8,ascii,big5,cp1250,cp1251,cp1256,cp1257,cp850,cp852,cp866,cp932,dec8,eucjpms,euckr,gb2312,gbk,geostd8,greek,hebrew,hp8,keybcs2,koi8r,koi8u,latin1,latin2,latin5,latin7,macce,macroman,sjis,swe7,tis620,ucs2,ujis,utf8 --with-plugins=innodb_plugin shell> make shell> make install 5、复制配置文件 shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf 6、执行mysql系统数据库初始化脚本 shell> cd /usr/local/mysql shell> bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql 7、设定mysql安装目录权限,设置owner为mysql shell> chown -R mysql var shell> chgrp -R mysql . 8、启动mysql应用 shell> /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & 9、设置root密码(数据库的DBA) shell> bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘123456’ 10、登录mysql shell> bin/mysql -u root -p Enter password: 登录成功会看到: 这时mysql已经装好了,可以查看数据库了,但在正式使用数据库开发与部署的时候还需要做一些工作: 1、设定配置文件my.cnf 按照需求copy my-***.cnf到/etc/my.cnf 2、修改默认字符集utf8 (1).[client]下加入default-character-set=utf8 (2).[mysqld]下加入default-character-set=utf8 #不改动存储引擎的话,3、4步可以略过 3、启动InnoDB引擎的方法如下: 1)关闭mysql的服务 2)修改my.ini 将default-storage-engine=INNODB前的注释(#)去掉 将skip-innodb这行注释(加上#) 4、配置innodb参数 1)、找到# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables 去掉innodb_*下的所有# 2)、如果安装mysql的目录不是默认的,则需要修改 # mysql 默认安装目录为 /usr/local/mysql/ # mysql 默认表空间目录安装目录为 /usr/local/mysql/var/ innodb_data_home_dir=/usr/local/database/mysql/var/ innodb_log_group_home_dir=/usr/local/database/mysql/var/ 3)、保存后重启mysql服务。 5、设置系统服务 让linux启动的时候就启动mysql服务 shell> cd /usr/local/mysql/ shell> cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql shell> chmod 777 /etc/init.d/mysql shell> chkconfig --add mysql shell> chkconfig --level 35 mysql on 6、重启MySQL服务 shell> service mysql restart 备注: Add a login user and group for ‘mysqld’ to run as:为‘mysqld’增添一个登陆用户和组 shell> groupadd mysql shell> useradd -g mysql mysql Configure the release and compile everything:配置和编译 shell> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --prefix后面指示了默认安装路径 shell> make 如果还想知道更详细的configure命令,请查阅manual for configure If you want to set up an option file, use one of those present in the ‘support-files’ directory as a template. For example:如果你想安装选项文件,使用当前存在的‘support-files’ 文件夹下的作为模板,例如: shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf If you haven`t installed MySQL before, you must create the MySQL grant tables:如果你以前没有安装过MySQL,你必须创建一个MySQL准许的表 shell> bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql Change the ownership of program binaries to ‘root’ and ownership of the data directory to the user that you will run ‘mysqld’ as. Assuming that you are located in the installation directory (‘/usr/local/mysql’), the commands look like this:将程序的所有权限给‘root’ ,并且把数据目录的所有权给可以运行‘mysqld’的用户。假设MySQL的安装目录是(‘/usr/local/mysql’),命令如下所示: shell> chown -R mysql var shell> chgrp -R mysql . The first command changes the owner attribute of the files to the ‘root’ user. 第一行命令把文件拥有权给‘root’。The second changes the owner attribute of the data directory to the ‘mysql’ user. 第二行把数据目录拥护权给‘mysql’用户。The third changes the group attribute to the ‘mysql’ group.第三行把组的权限给‘mysql’组。 After everything has been installed, you should initialize and test your distribution using this command:万事具备后,你就可以按照下面的命令测试并运行你的MySQL了: shell> /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & 注意:文件中的单引号全应该是英文状态下输入的,这里小编为了美观改成中文状态下输入的单引号了。
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